Integrator



Nov. 8, 1932. L. OTT ET AL 1,886,576

INTEGRATOR Filed May 21, 1951 Patented Nov. 8, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I LUDWIG Orr, OF KEMPTEN, AND HEINZ ADLEB, or FRANK'FoRT-o'N-THE-MAI'N, GER- MANY, ASSIGNOES TO THE rin rvr A. 'o'r'r,

OF KEI/IPTEN, GERMANY, A PARTNERSHIP I FORMED BY LUDWIG orr AND HERMANN o'rr INTEGRATOR Application filed May 21, 1931, Serial No. 539,090, and in Germany November 27,1930.

The present invention relates to integrators and more particularly to radial planimeters for mechanical integration of polar diagrams and is an improvement of the integrator according to the United States Patent No. 1,072,153 dated Sept. 2, 1913.

The integrator according to this patent and other known types present the features of having a director arm in universal engagement with the follower bar a straight groove provided in the follower bar for engaging a fixed pin and a stylus arranged 011 said follower bar in the axis of said straight groove.

Further radial planimeters are known having a special table on which the diagram is to be placed; the location of the stylus, of the integrating roller and of a slot is fixed in respect of that table and a central pin is moved along that slot which may be straight or curved.

In contradistinction to the known integrators or radial planimeters the integrator according to the present invention has no special table on which the diagram has to be placed, the central director pin is fixed and the follower having a curved slideway engaging said director pin is displaced with its slideway sliding along said director pin. Furthermore the stylus is not arranged in the axis of that slideway but laterally of and to one side of the latter whilst the integrating roller is located laterally of and to the other side or the same side of said slideway.

The instrument according to the present invention is thus considerably less complicated than the known instruments. It serves for the evaluation of polar diagrams having a uniform or a non-uniform graduation along the radius, and is particularly adapted for polar diagrams the evaluation of which does generally not call for the determination of an integral of the type 1 but of the type in which f( may be any function of p for A constructional example of the integrator according to the present invention 'is illustrated on the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is an elevation view and Fig. 2 is a plan View of the integrator, used as a radial planimeter, f

Figs. 3 and 1 show in' elevation and plan view respectively the instrument used as a polar planiineter. v

The integrator essentially consists of the follower A and of the fixed polar director G forming the centre of the polar diagrams to be evaluated. The follower A comprises ahori- :zontally disposed flat frame a (1 provided witha curved slot 9 g engaging slidably the fixed polar director. The latter terminates in a ball 6, the diameter of which corresponds to the width of the slot 9 9. At one extreme end of the follower frame the stylus c is fixed which is caused to follow the curve to be evaluated. The stylus c is not arranged in the axis of the slot 9 9 but laterally of the latter. Laterally of the slot 9 9 but on the other side to that on which the stylus is located the inte- 1 grating roller d is rotatably mounted in the follower frame. Rotation of the roller (Z is read upon the graduated drum 7:: fixed to one side thereof with the aid of a Vernier Z. Near the other end of the slot 9' g a blunt ended supporting pin 6 is fixed on the follower frame. The latter is thus supported in three points, i. e. on the stylus 0, on the integrating roller (Z and on the pin 6 and is always in stable equilibrium.

The shape of the slot and the mutual location of slot, stylus and integrating roller must respond to the condition f(P) wherein p is the distance between the stylus and the fixed polar director C and r is thedistance between the plane of the integrating roller and the fixed polar director 0 as indicated in Fig. 2.

In the use of the above described integrator the stylus 0 is made to follow the curve D on the polar diagram E and the integrating roller read as usual.

I On the frame a a there is further provided a second stylus f and a-socket m so arranged that the line passing through the axes of the stylus f and of the socket m is parallel to the axis of rotation of the integrating roller d.

at an extreme end of the said follower laterally of said curved slot, an integrating roller mounted on the said follower laterally of said curved slot, and on the opposite side to that where the stylus is located, and a blunt supporting member fixed to another extreme part of said follower, the latter being supported in stable equilibrium on said member, the stylus and the integrating roller.

4.111 an integrator, in combination, a follower, a fixed polar director, curved means on said follower adapted to slidably engage said fixed polar director for use as a radial planimeter, a stylus fixed to the said follower laterally of said means, an integrating roller mounted on the said follower, a further stylus fixed to the said follower, and means provided on the said follower to permit its being coupled to a directorarm for use as a polar planimeter.

Intestimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification.

LUDWIG OTT. :iI-IEINZ .ADLER.

The second stylus f is required when the instrument is to be used as an ordinary polar planimeter in which case, as is shown in Figs. 7 V

3 and 4:, the fixed polar director C is replaced by the fixed polar director O'with which one end ofthe-director arm Barevolubly engages whilst the other end is provided with a downwardly projecting a in a ball adapted to be seated in the conical spindle which terminates hole or socket m. Thus the above described integratoris adapted to be used as a radial pl'animeter or as a polar planimeter. If use as a radial planimeter only is contemplated theparts f and m may be omitted.

We claim:

1,111 an integrator for the evaluation of V polar diagrams, 1n combination a follower, a V fixed polar director, curved means on said fol a lower for engaging slidably said fixed polar director, a stylus fixedto the said follower laterally of said means, and an integrating roller mounted on the said follower.

2. In an integrator for the evaluation of polar diagrams, in combination a follower, a fixed polar director, said follower being provided with a curved slideway for engaging slidably said fixed polar director, a stylus fixed on the said'follower laterally of said slideway, and an integrating roller mounted on the said follower laterally of said slide- Way.

3. In an integrator'for the evaluation of polar diagrams, in'combination a follower consisting of a fiat frame, a fixed pin, said follower being provided with a curved slot for engaging slidably said fixed pin, a stylus fixed 

